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he cycles to school

Толкование Перевод

1 cycle

cycle [ˈsaɪkl]

1. noun

   a. ( = bike) vélo m, bicyclette f

• "no cycles" « interdit aux cycles »

   b. also menstrual cycle cycle m (menstruel)

   c. [of poems] cycle m

2. intransitive verb

faire du vélo

• he cycles to school il va à l'école en vélo

3. compounds

► cycle helmet noun casque m de vélo

► cycle lane (British), cycle path noun piste f cyclable

► cycle race noun course f cycliste

► cycle rack noun (on floor) râtelier m à bicyclettes ; (on car) porte-vélo(s) m

► cycle shed noun abri m à vélos

► cycle track noun ( = lane) piste f cyclable ; ( = racetrack) vélodrome m

* * *
['saɪkl] 1.
noun

1) ( series) cycle m

wash cycle — cycle m de lavage

2) ( bicycle) vélo m
2.
transitive verb

to cycle 15 miles — parcourir or faire 24 km à vélo
3.
intransitive verb aller à vélo

to go cycling — faire du vélo

she cycles to work — elle va au travail à vélo

English-French dictionary > cycle
2 cycle

cycle [sikl]

masculine noun

   a. ( = bicyclette) cycle

• magasin de cycles cycle shop

   b. ( = processus) cycle

• cycle menstruel menstrual cycle

• le cycle infernal de la violence the cycle of violence

   c. (School) premier cycle first four years of secondary education

• second or deuxième cycle last three years of secondary education

• cycle court two-year vocational course (taken after the baccalauréat)

• cycle long higher education course

   d. (University) premier cycle ≈ first and second year

• deuxième or second cycle ≈ Final Honours

• troisième cycle ≈ postgraduate studies

• diplôme de troisième cycle ≈ postgraduate degree, ≈ PhD

• étudiant de troisième cycle ≈ postgraduate student

* * *
sikl
nom masculin

1) (de phénomènes, changements) cycle

cycle infernal — fig vicious cycle

2) ( série) gén series (+ v sg)

deux cycles de dix sessions — two series of ten sessions

3) Littérature cycle

cycle de la Table ronde — Arthurian cycle

cycle de chansons — song cycle

4) Université

premier cycle — first two years of a degree course leading to a diploma

deuxième cycle — final two years of a degree course

troisième cycle — postgraduate GB ou graduate US studies

5) ( bicyclette) cycle

magasin de cycles — cycle shop

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- cycle de formation

* * *
sikl nm
1) (série répétitive) cycle

2) ÉDUCATION

premier cycle — middle school Grande-Bretagne junior high school USA

second cycle — upper school Grande-Bretagne senior high school USA

3) (= bicyclette) cycle

* * *

cycle nm

1 (de phénomènes, changements) cycle; cycle solaire/du carbone solar/carbon cycle; cycle de fonctionnement operating cycle; cycle infernal fig vicious cycle;

2 ( série) gén series (sg); ( de conférences) course, series; deux cycles de dix sessions two series of ten sessions; deux cycles de dix semaines two ten-week courses;

3 Littérat cycle; cycle de la Table ronde Arthurian cycle; cycle de chansons song cycle;

4 Scol premier/second cycle first four years/last three years of secondary school; cycle court nonacademic course (in secondary school); cycle long academic course (leading to university entrance) GB, academic course (for college-bound students) US;

5 Univ premier cycle first two years of a degree course leading to a diploma; deuxième cycle final two years of a degree course; troisième cycle postgraduate GB ou graduate US studies;

6 ( bicyclette) cycle; magasin de cycles cycle shop.

Composé

cycle de formation training course.

[sikl] nom masculin

1. [série] cycle

le cycle des saisons the cycle of the seasons

cycle lunaire/solaire ASTRONOMIE lunar/solar cycle

2. [évolution] cycle

cycle économique ÉCONOMIE economic cycle

3. ÉDUCATION & UNIVERSITÉ cycle

il suit un cycle court/long ≃ he'll leave school at sixteen/go on to higher education

premier cycle

a. ÉDUCATION lower secondary school years (UK), junior high school (US)

b. UNIVERSITÉ first and second years (UK), freshman and sophomore years (US)

second cycle

a. ÉDUCATION upper school (UK), high school (US)

b. UNIVERSITÉ last two years of a degree course

troisième cycle postgraduate studies

être en troisième cycle to be a postgraduate student

4. LITTÉRATURE cycle

le cycle d'Arthur the Arthurian cycle

5. [véhicule] cycle

6. PHYSIOLOGIE

cycle œstral oetrous cycle

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > cycle
3 conocer

v.

1 to know (saber cosas acerca de).

conocer algo a fondo to know something well

conocer bien un tema to know a lot about a subject

darse a conocer to make oneself known

dieron a conocer la noticia a través de la prensa they announced the news through the press

Ellos conocen el lugar They know the place.

2 to meet (a una persona) (por primera vez).

¿conoces a mi jefe? do you know o have you met my boss?

conocer a alguien de vista to know somebody by sight

conocer a alguien de oídas to have heard of somebody

¿de qué la conoces? how do you know her?

María conoció a Ricardo en verano Mary met Richard in the summer.

3 to get to know, to visit for the first time (lugar, país) (descubrir).

no conozco Rusia I've never been to Russia

me gustaría conocer Australia I'd like to go to o visit Australia

* * *

CONOCER

CONJUGACIÓN

(c changes to zc before a and o)

Present Indicative

conozco, conoces, conoce, conemos, conocéis, conocen.

Present Subjunctive

conozca, conozcas, conozca, conozcamos, conozcáis, conozcan.

Imperative

conoce (tú), conozca (él/Vd.), conozcamos (nos.), conoced (vos.), conozcan (ellos/Vds.).

* * *

verb

1) to know

2) meet

•

- conocerse

* * *

1. VT

1) [+ persona]

a) (=saber quién es) to know

conozco a todos sus hermanos — I know all his brothers and sisters

¿de qué lo conoces? — where do you know him from?

la conozco de haber trabajado juntos — I know her from having worked with her

¿conoces a Pedro? — have you met Pedro?, do you know Pedro?

• no me conoce de nada — he doesn't know me from Adam

• la conozco de oídas — I've heard of her, I know of her

• lo conozco de vista — I know him by sight

b) (=ver por primera vez) to meet

la conocí en Sevilla — I met her in Seville

c) (=saber cómo es) to get to know

cuando la conozcas mejor — when you get to know her better

la única forma de conocerlo es vivir con él — the only way to get to know him is to live with him

- la conozco como la palma de la mano

- la conozco como si la hubiera parido

d) (=reconocer) to recognize, know

te he conocido por el modo de andar — I recognized o knew you from the way you walk

2) (=tener conocimiento de) [+ método, resultado] to know; [+ noticia] to hear

conozco un camino más corto — I know a shorter way

ella conoce una forma más fácil de hacerlo — she knows an easier way to do it

el enfermo debe conocer la verdad — the patient must be told o must know the truth

conozco las dificultades — I know (about) the difficulties

no conocía tus dotes de pintor — I didn't know what a good painter you were

conocía la existencia de los documentos — she knew of the documents' existence

queremos conocer de cerca la situación — we want to get to know the situation at first hand

investigaciones destinadas a conocer la verdad — investigations aimed at establishing the truth

- más vale lo malo conocido que lo bueno por conocer

3) [+ país, ciudad]

me encantaría conocer China — I would love to go to China

no conozco Buenos Aires — I've never been to Buenos Aires, I don't know Buenos Aires

quiero conocer mundo — I want to see the world

4) (=dominar) to know

conoce su oficio — he knows his job

no conozco mucho el tema — I don't know much about the subject

conoce cuatro idiomas — she speaks o knows four languages

5) (=experimentar)

ha conocido dos guerras mundiales — she has lived through two world wars

los muchos terremotos que ha conocido Italia — the many earthquakes there have been in Italy

todavía no ha conocido el amor — he's never known love

6) (=distinguir) to know, tell

conoce cuáles son buenos y cuáles malos — he knows o can tell which are good and which are bad

por tu cara se te conoce que estás sano — you can tell from your face that you are healthy

7)

• dar a conocer — [+ información] to announce; [+ declaración, informe, cifras] to release

dio a conocer sus intenciones — she announced her intentions, she made her intentions known

dieron a conocer el ganador del premio a través de la radio — the prize was announced on the radio

no dieron a conocer su paradero por motivos de seguridad — they didn't reveal where they were staying for security reasons

los hechos se dieron a conocer en enero — the facts came to light in January

• darse a conocer — [persona] to become known, make a name for o.s.

se dio a conocer en una película de Almodóvar — he made his name in an Almodóvar film

darse a conocer a algn — to make o.s. known to sb

8) (Jur) [+ causa] to try

2. VI

1) (=saber)

• conocer de algo, ¿alguien conoce de algún libro sobre el tema? — does anybody know (of) a book on the subject?

2) (Jur)

conocer de o en una causa — to try a case

3.

See:

conocerse
CONOCER ► Conocer, aplicado a personas o cosas, se traduce generalmente por know: No conozco muy bien a su familia I don't know his family very well Nos conocemos desde que éramos pequeños We have known each other since we were little Conoce Manchester como la palma de la mano He knows Manchester like the back of his hand ► Sin embargo, cuando queremos indicar que se trata del primer encuentro, se debe utilizar meet: La conocí en una fiesta I (first) met her at a party ¿Conoces a Carmen? Ven que te la presento Have you met Carmen? Come and I'll introduce you Para otros usos y ejemplos ver la entrada
* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) < persona> to know; ( por primera vez) to meet; <ciudad/país> to know

¿conoces a Juan? — do you know o have you met Juan?

no lo conozco de nada — I don't know him at al

lte conocía de oída — he'd heard of you

lo conozco de nombre — I know the name

sconocer a alguien de vist — to know somebody by sight

es de todos conocido — he's well known

anunca llegué a conocerlo bie — nI never really got to know hi

mconozco muy bien a ese tipo de person — aI know that sort of person only too wel

lfui a conocer a sus padre — sI went to meet his parent

conoce bien la zona — sshe knows the area wel

lquiero que conozcas a mi novi — oI want you to meet my boyfrien; ( aprender cómo es) <persona/ciudad> to get to know

d¿conoces Irlanda — do you know o? have you been to Ireland

quiere conocer mundo — ?she wants to see the worl

dme encantaría conocer tu paí — sI'd love to visit your countr

ymás vale malo conocido que bueno por conocer — better the devil you know than the devil you don't

2) (estar familiarizado con, dominar) <tema/autor/obra> to know, be familiar with; < lengua> to speak, know

conoce muy bien su oficio — she's knows the job inside out

3)

a) ( saber de la existencia de) to know, know of

no se conoce ningún remedio — there is no known cure

ese vestido no te lo conocía — I've never seen you in that dress before

no le conozco ningún vicio — he doesn't have any vices as far as I know

conocían sus actividades — they knew of o about his activities

b)

dar a conocer — (frml) <noticia/resultado> to announce; <identidad/intenciones> to reveal

el libro que lo dio a conocer como poeta — the book which established his reputation as a poet

darse a conocer — persona to make oneself known

intentó no darse a conocer — he tried to keep his identity a secret

4) ( reconocer) to recognize*

te conocí por la voz — I knew it was you by your voice

5) ( experimentar) < crisis> to experience; <desarrollo/cambio> to undergo; < revolución> to see

6) (impers) ( notar)

se conoce que no están en casa — they don't seem to be in

se conoce que ya llevaba algún tiempo enfermo — apparently he'd been ill for some time

7) (Der) <causa/caso> to try

8) (arc) ( tener trato carnal con) to know (arch)
2.
conocer vi

1) ( saber)

conocer de algo — de tema/materia to know about something

2) (Der)

conocer de una causa — to try a case
3.
conocerse v pron

1) (recípr) ( tener cierta relación con) to know each other; ( por primera vez) to meet; ( aprender cómo se es) to get to know each other

2) (refl)

a) ( aprender cómo se es) to get to know oneself

b) ( saber cómo se es) to know oneself

3) (enf) (fam) ( estar familiarizado con) to know

se conoce todos los trucos — he knows all the tricks

* * *

= be aware of, be cognisant of, know, learn, get to know, make + aware, become + cognisant of, gain + a sense of, be privy to, find out.

Ex. Although this may seem an obvious statement, there are many instances when the searcher is not fully aware of what can or might be retrieved.

Ex. The second aspect of institutional behavior we need to be cognizant of involves the notion the further institutions move into their life-cycles, the more they demonstrate the characteristics of a closed system.

Ex. However, in general, it is unreasonable to expect a user to know the ISBN of a book.

Ex. 'I'd be disappointed to learn that my boss or subordinates -- or peers for that matter -- told tales out of school about me to others'.

Ex. She still had more than two weeks in which to return to Deuxville, settle in and find an apartment, and get to know the city.

Ex. Libraries need to be made aware of all possible networking options, the benefits of the lesser known OSI suite of protocols and the requirements for establishing an OSI environment.

Ex. Becoming cognizant of these retail promotional tools is the first step -- the fun part is adopting successful ones!.

Ex. The best way of gaining some sense of what life used to be like is through the literature of the time.

Ex. Even individual models vary from others by the same manufacturer; but that isn't something I can advise on, I' m not privy to the information.

Ex. For example, a person can consult the system holdings files to find out whether a library in the network owns a copy of the document.

----

* ayudar a conocer mejor = advance + understanding.

* conocer a Alguien = meet + Alguien.

* conocer a ciencia cierta = know for + certain, know for + sure, know for + a fact.

* conocer al dedillo = know + Nombre + off pat.

* conocer Algo al dedillo = know + Nombre + inside-out, learn + Nombre + inside-out.

* conocer Algo como la palma de + Posesivo + mano = know + Algo + like the back of + Posesivo + hand.

* conocer Algo de cabo a rabo = know + Nombre + inside-out.

* conocer bien = be knowledgeable about, be alert to.

* conocer como = designate as.

* conocer cómo piensa Alguien = get + inside the mind of.

* conocer con certeza = know for + certain, know for + sure.

* conocer de algún modo = know + on some grounds.

* conocer de antemano = foreknow.

* conocer de carretilla = know + Nombre + off pat.

* conocer de lo que Alguien o Algo es capaz = have + Nombre + figured out.

* conocer de memoria = know + Nombre + off pat.

* conocer de primera mano = know + first-hand.

* conocer + desafortunadamente = be painfully aware of.

* conocer de seguro = know for + certain, know for + sure.

* conocer (el) mundo = travel around + the world.

* conocer la noticia = learn + the news.

* conocer la verdad = discern + the truth.

* conocer lo que Alguien o Algo es capaz de hacer = have + Nombre + figured out.

* conocer mejor = gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding.

* conocer muy bien = be fully aware of.

* conocer muy bien la materia = know + Posesivo + stuff.

* conocer personalmente = meet + in person, meet + face to face.

* conocer por experiencia = know (by/from) + experience.

* conocerse como = call, be known as, dub.

* conocérsele así por = get + Posesivo + name from.

* conocer vida = see + the world.

* conócete a ti mismo = know + thyself.

* dar a conocer = bring to + the attention, communicate, publicise [publicize, -USA], report, articulate, make + known.

* dar Algo a conocer = get + the word out.

* no conocer a Alguien de nada = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.

* no conocer a Alguien para nada = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.

* No importa lo que se conoce, sino a quién se conoce = It's not what you know, but who you know.

* quedar mucho por conocer = there + be + a great deal yet to be learned, there + be + still a great deal to be learned.

* sin conocer = ignorant of.

* tal como lo conocemos = as we know it.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) < persona> to know; ( por primera vez) to meet; <ciudad/país> to know

¿conoces a Juan? — do you know o have you met Juan?

no lo conozco de nada — I don't know him at al

lte conocía de oída — he'd heard of you

lo conozco de nombre — I know the name

sconocer a alguien de vist — to know somebody by sight

es de todos conocido — he's well known

anunca llegué a conocerlo bie — nI never really got to know hi

mconozco muy bien a ese tipo de person — aI know that sort of person only too wel

lfui a conocer a sus padre — sI went to meet his parent

conoce bien la zona — sshe knows the area wel

lquiero que conozcas a mi novi — oI want you to meet my boyfrien; ( aprender cómo es) <persona/ciudad> to get to know

d¿conoces Irlanda — do you know o? have you been to Ireland

quiere conocer mundo — ?she wants to see the worl

dme encantaría conocer tu paí — sI'd love to visit your countr

ymás vale malo conocido que bueno por conocer — better the devil you know than the devil you don't

2) (estar familiarizado con, dominar) <tema/autor/obra> to know, be familiar with; < lengua> to speak, know

conoce muy bien su oficio — she's knows the job inside out

3)

a) ( saber de la existencia de) to know, know of

no se conoce ningún remedio — there is no known cure

ese vestido no te lo conocía — I've never seen you in that dress before

no le conozco ningún vicio — he doesn't have any vices as far as I know

conocían sus actividades — they knew of o about his activities

b)

dar a conocer — (frml) <noticia/resultado> to announce; <identidad/intenciones> to reveal

el libro que lo dio a conocer como poeta — the book which established his reputation as a poet

darse a conocer — persona to make oneself known

intentó no darse a conocer — he tried to keep his identity a secret

4) ( reconocer) to recognize*

te conocí por la voz — I knew it was you by your voice

5) ( experimentar) < crisis> to experience; <desarrollo/cambio> to undergo; < revolución> to see

6) (impers) ( notar)

se conoce que no están en casa — they don't seem to be in

se conoce que ya llevaba algún tiempo enfermo — apparently he'd been ill for some time

7) (Der) <causa/caso> to try

8) (arc) ( tener trato carnal con) to know (arch)
2.
conocer vi

1) ( saber)

conocer de algo — de tema/materia to know about something

2) (Der)

conocer de una causa — to try a case
3.
conocerse v pron

1) (recípr) ( tener cierta relación con) to know each other; ( por primera vez) to meet; ( aprender cómo se es) to get to know each other

2) (refl)

a) ( aprender cómo se es) to get to know oneself

b) ( saber cómo se es) to know oneself

3) (enf) (fam) ( estar familiarizado con) to know

se conoce todos los trucos — he knows all the tricks

* * *

= be aware of, be cognisant of, know, learn, get to know, make + aware, become + cognisant of, gain + a sense of, be privy to, find out.

Ex: Although this may seem an obvious statement, there are many instances when the searcher is not fully aware of what can or might be retrieved.

Ex: The second aspect of institutional behavior we need to be cognizant of involves the notion the further institutions move into their life-cycles, the more they demonstrate the characteristics of a closed system.

Ex: However, in general, it is unreasonable to expect a user to know the ISBN of a book.

Ex: 'I'd be disappointed to learn that my boss or subordinates -- or peers for that matter -- told tales out of school about me to others'.

Ex: She still had more than two weeks in which to return to Deuxville, settle in and find an apartment, and get to know the city.

Ex: Libraries need to be made aware of all possible networking options, the benefits of the lesser known OSI suite of protocols and the requirements for establishing an OSI environment.

Ex: Becoming cognizant of these retail promotional tools is the first step -- the fun part is adopting successful ones!.

Ex: The best way of gaining some sense of what life used to be like is through the literature of the time.

Ex: Even individual models vary from others by the same manufacturer; but that isn't something I can advise on, I' m not privy to the information.

Ex: For example, a person can consult the system holdings files to find out whether a library in the network owns a copy of the document.

* ayudar a conocer mejor = advance + understanding.

* conocer a Alguien = meet + Alguien.

* conocer a ciencia cierta = know for + certain, know for + sure, know for + a fact.

* conocer al dedillo = know + Nombre + off pat.

* conocer Algo al dedillo = know + Nombre + inside-out, learn + Nombre + inside-out.

* conocer Algo como la palma de + Posesivo + mano = know + Algo + like the back of + Posesivo + hand.

* conocer Algo de cabo a rabo = know + Nombre + inside-out.

* conocer bien = be knowledgeable about, be alert to.

* conocer como = designate as.

* conocer cómo piensa Alguien = get + inside the mind of.

* conocer con certeza = know for + certain, know for + sure.

* conocer de algún modo = know + on some grounds.

* conocer de antemano = foreknow.

* conocer de carretilla = know + Nombre + off pat.

* conocer de lo que Alguien o Algo es capaz = have + Nombre + figured out.

* conocer de memoria = know + Nombre + off pat.

* conocer de primera mano = know + first-hand.

* conocer + desafortunadamente = be painfully aware of.

* conocer de seguro = know for + certain, know for + sure.

* conocer (el) mundo = travel around + the world.

* conocer la noticia = learn + the news.

* conocer la verdad = discern + the truth.

* conocer lo que Alguien o Algo es capaz de hacer = have + Nombre + figured out.

* conocer mejor = gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding.

* conocer muy bien = be fully aware of.

* conocer muy bien la materia = know + Posesivo + stuff.

* conocer personalmente = meet + in person, meet + face to face.

* conocer por experiencia = know (by/from) + experience.

* conocerse como = call, be known as, dub.

* conocérsele así por = get + Posesivo + name from.

* conocer vida = see + the world.

* conócete a ti mismo = know + thyself.

* dar a conocer = bring to + the attention, communicate, publicise [publicize, -USA], report, articulate, make + known.

* dar Algo a conocer = get + the word out.

* no conocer a Alguien de nada = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.

* no conocer a Alguien para nada = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.

* No importa lo que se conoce, sino a quién se conoce = It's not what you know, but who you know.

* quedar mucho por conocer = there + be + a great deal yet to be learned, there + be + still a great deal to be learned.

* sin conocer = ignorant of.

* tal como lo conocemos = as we know it.

* * *

conocer [E3 ]

GUIA DE BUSQUEDA

■ conocer (verbo transitivo)

A

1 saber cómo es

2 estar familiarizado con

3 dominar

B saber de la existencia de

C

1 conocer por primera vez

2 aprender cómo es

3 dar a conocer

D reconocer

E experimentar

F verbo impersonal

G Derecho: una causa

H tener trato carnal con

■ conocer (verbo intransitivo)

A conocer de algo

B Derecho: de una causa

C conocer: enfermo

■ conocerse (verbo pronominal)

A

1 tener cierta relación con

2 conocerse por primera vez

3 aprender cómo se es

B

1 llegar a saber cómo se es

2 conocerse a uno mismo

C estar familiarizado con

vt

A

1 (saber cómo es, tener cierta relación con) to know

¿conoces a Juan? — no, mucho gusto do you know o have you met Juan? — no, pleased to meet you

no lo conozco de nada I don't know him at all, I don't know him from Adam ( colloq)

dijo que te conocía de oídas he said he'd heard of you

lo conozco de nombre I know the name

te conozco como si te hubiera parido ( fam); I can read you like a book

conoce sus limitaciones he is aware of o he knows his limitations

su generosidad es de todos conocida her generosity is well known

trabajamos juntos dos años pero nunca llegué a conocerlo we worked together for two years but I never really got to know him

conozco muy bien a ese tipo de persona I know that sort of person only too well

2 (estar familiarizado con) ‹tema/autor/obra› to know, be familiar with

¿conoces su música? are you familiar with o do you know his music?

¿conoces Irlanda? do you know o have you been to Ireland?

conozco el camino I know the way

3

(dominar): conoce muy bien su oficio she's very good at her job

conoce tres idiomas a la perfección she's completely fluent in three languages, she speaks three languages fluently

B (saber de la existencia de) to know, know of

¿conoces algún método para quitar estas manchas? do you know (of) any way of getting these stains out?

no se conoce ningún remedio there is no known cure

no conocía esa faceta de su carácter I didn't know that side of his character

¡qué vestido tan bonito, no te lo conocía! what a lovely dress! I've never seen you in it before

no le conozco ningún vicio he doesn't have any vices as far as I know

conocían sus actividades, pero no había pruebas they knew of o about his activities but there was no proof

C

1 (por primera vez) ‹persona› to meet

quiero que conozcas a mis padres I want you to meet my parents

2 (aprender cómo es) ‹persona/ciudad› to get to know

quiere viajar y conocer mundo she wants to travel and see the world

es la mejor manera de conocer la ciudad it's the best way to get to know the city

me encantaría conocer tu país I'd love to visit your country

más vale malo conocido que bueno por conocer better the devil you know than the devil you don't

3

dar a conocer ( frml); ‹noticia/resultado› to announce;

‹identidad/intenciones› to reveal

todavía no se han dado a conocer los resultados the results have still not been announced o released

estuvo allí pero no se dio a conocer he was there but he didn't tell people who he was o but he didn't make himself known

el libro que lo dio a conocer como poeta the book which established his reputation as a poet

D (reconocer) to recognize*

te conocí por la voz I recognized your voice, I knew it was you by your voice

E

(experimentar): una de las peores crisis que ha conocido el país one of the worst crises the country has known

una industria que ha conocido un desarrollo desigual an industry which has undergone a period of uneven development

la primera revolución de las que conocería el siglo veinte the first revolution that the twentieth century was to see

F ( impers)

(notar): se conoce que no están en casa they're obviously not at home

se conoce que ya llevaba algún tiempo enfermo apparently he'd been ill for some time

se conoce que ha estado llorando you can tell o see he's been crying

G ( Derecho) ‹causa/caso› to try

H ( arc) (tener trato carnal con) to know ( arch)

■ conocer

vi

A (saber) conocer DE algo to know ABOUT sth

conoce del tema she knows about the subject

B ( Der):

conocer de or en una causa/un caso to try a case

C

«enfermo»: está muy mal, ya no conoce he's in a bad way, he's not recognizing people

■ conocerse

v pron

A ( recípr)

1 (tener cierta relación con) to know each other

nos conocemos desde niños we've known each other since we were children

ya nos conocemos we already know each other, we've already met

2 (por primera vez) to meet

3 (aprender cómo se es) to get to know each other

B ( refl)

1 (llegar a saber cómo se es) to get to know oneself

2 (a uno mismo) to know oneself, know what one is like

C ( enf) ( fam) (estar familiarizado con) to know

se conoce todas las discotecas de la ciudad he knows every disco in town

* * *

conocer ( conjugate conocer) verbo transitivo
1 ‹ persona› to know;
( por primera vez) to meet;
‹ciudad/país› to know;
◊ ¿conoces a Juan? do you know/have you met Juan?;

te conocía de oídas he'd heard of you;
lo conozco de nombre I know the name;
conocer a algn de vista to know sb by sight;
es de todos conocido he's well known;
quiero que conozcas a mi novio I want you to meet my boyfriend;
nunca llegué a conocerlo bien I never really got to know him;
¿conoces Irlanda? do you know Ireland? o have you been to Ireland?;
quiere conocer mundo she wants to see the world;
me encantaría conocer tu país I'd love to visit your country
2 (estar familiarizado con, dominar) ‹tema/autor/obra› to know, be familiar with;
‹ lengua› to speak, know
3
a) ( saber de la existencia de) to know, know of;

◊ conocían sus actividades they knew of o about his activities

b)

◊ dar a conocer (frml) ‹noticia/resultado› to announce;

‹identidad/intenciones› to reveal;
◊ darse a conocer [ persona] to make oneself known;

intentó no darse a conocer he tried to keep his identity a secret
4 ( reconocer) to recognize^{( conjugate recognize)};
◊ te conocí por la voz I knew it was you by your voice

5 ( impers) ( notar):
◊ se conoce que no están en casa they don't seem to be in;

se conoce que ya llevaba algún tiempo enfermo apparently he'd been ill for some time
verbo intransitivo ( saber) conocer de algo ‹de tema/materia› to know about sth
conocerse verbo pronominal
1 ( recípr) ( tener cierta relación con) to know each other;
( por primera vez) to meet;
( aprender cómo se es) to get to know each other
2 ( refl)
a) ( aprender cómo se es) to get to know oneself

b) ( saber cómo se es) to know oneself

conocer verbo transitivo
1 to know
2 (por primera vez) to meet
3 (reconocer) to recognize
♦ Locuciones: dar a conocer, (hacer público) to make known
darse a conocer, to make one's name
' conocer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
dar
- dominar
- ensombrecerse
- notoriamente
- paño
- percal
- pormenor
- sacar
- conozca
- dedillo
- desconocer
- malo
- palma
- palmo
- presentar
English:
acquaint
- acquaintance
- announce
- devil
- familiar
- hear of
- know
- meet
- name
- sight
- survey
- acquainted
- come
- disclaim
- fit
- get
- hand
- high
- taste
- wander

* * *

conocer

♦ vt

1. [saber cosas acerca de] to know;

conoce la mecánica del automóvil he knows a lot about car mechanics;

conoce el ruso a la perfección he's fluent in Russian;

conocen todo lo que pasa en el pueblo they know (about) everything that goes on in the village;

¿conoces alguna forma más rápida de hacerlo? do you know a quicker way to do it?;

no conozco bien este tema I'm not familiar with this subject;
Fam
conoce el tema al dedillo she knows the subject inside out;

conocer algo a fondo to know sth well;

dieron a conocer la noticia a través de la prensa they announced the news through the press;

su segunda película lo dio a conocer o [m5] se dio a conocer con su segunda película como el gran director que es his second movie o Br film achieved recognition for him as the great director that he is;

Juan enseguida se dio a conocer a mi amiga Juan immediately introduced himself to my friend;

fue, como es de todos conocido, una difícil decisión it was, as everyone knows, a difficult decision;

su amabilidad es de todos conocida everyone knows how kind he is, he is well-known for his kindness

2. [lugar, país] [descubrir] to get to know, to visit for the first time;
[desde hace tiempo] to know;
no conozco Rusia I've never been to Russia;

me gustaría conocer Australia I'd like to go to o visit Australia;

conoce la región como la palma de su mano she knows the region like the back of her hand;

a los veinte años se marchó a conocer mundo at the age of twenty he went off to see the world;

¿te acompaño? – no hace falta, conozco el camino shall I go with you? – there's no need, I know the way

3. [a una persona] [por primera vez] to meet;
[desde hace tiempo] to know;
¿conoces a mi jefe? do you know o have you met my boss?;

lo conocí cuando era niño I first met him when he was a child;

lo conozco de cuando íbamos al colegio I know him from school;

tienes que conocer a mi hermana I must introduce you to my sister;

conocer a alguien a fondo to know sb well;

conocer a alguien de nombre to know sb by name;

conocer a alguien de oídas to have heard of sb;

conocer a alguien de vista to know sb by sight;

¿de qué la conoces? how do you know her?;

no la conozco de nada I've never met her before, I don't know her at all

4. [reconocer]
conocer a alguien (por algo) to recognize sb (by sth);

lo conocí por su forma de andar I recognized him by the way he walked

5. [experimentar]
ésta es la peor sequía que ha conocido África this is the worst drought Africa has ever had o known;

el último conflicto que ha conocido la región the latest conflict witnessed by the region;

la empresa ha conocido un crecimiento espectacular the company has seen o experienced spectacular growth

6. Anticuado o Hum [sexualmente]
conocer carnalmente a to have carnal knowledge of;

hasta los treinta años no conoció varón she had never been with a man until she was thirty

7. Der [causa] to try;

el tribunal que conoce el caso se pronunciará mañana the court trying the case will announce its verdict tomorrow

♦ vi

1.
conocer de [saber] to know about;

no te preocupes, que conoce del tema don't worry, he knows (about) the subject

2. Der
conocer de to try;

conocer de una causa to try a case;

será juzgado por el tribunal que conoce de casos de terrorismo he will be tried by the court that deals with cases relating to terrorism

♦ See also the pronominal verb conocerse

* * *

conocer

I v/t

1 know;

dar a conocer make known;

darse a conocer reveal one’s identity; de artista become famous

2 por primera vez meet

3 tristeza, amor etc experience, know

4 ( reconocer) recognize

II v/i

:

conocer de know about

* * *

conocer {18} vt

1) : to know, to be acquainted with

ya la conocí: I've already met him

2) : to meet

3) reconocer: to recognize

♦ See also the reflexive verb conocerse

* * *

conocer vb

1. (en general) to know [pt. knew; pp. known]

¿conoces a Marc? do you know Marc?

le conozco desde hace años I've known him for years

¿conoces Bilbao? do you know Bilbao? / have you ever been to Bilbao?

dice que conoce un restaurante por aquí she says she knows a restaurant around here

2. (por primera vez persona) to meet [pt. & pp. met]

la conocí la semana pasada I met her last week

3. (reconocer) to recognize

te conozco la voz I recognize your voice

conocer de vista to know by sight

Spanish-English dictionary > conocer
4 Wöhler, August

SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy

[br]

b. 22 June 1819 Soltau, Germany

d. 21 June 1914 Hannover, Germany

[br]

German railway engineer who first established the fatigue fracture of metals.

[br]

Wöhler, the son of a schoolteacher, was born at Soltau on the Luneburg Heath and received his early education at his father's school, where his mathematical abilities soon became apparent. He completed his studies at the Technical High School, Hannover.

In 1840 he obtained a position at the Borsig Engineering Works in Berlin and acquired there much valuable experience in railway technology. He trained as an engine driver in Belgium and in 1843 was appointed as an engineer to the first Hannoverian Railway, then being constructed between Hannover and Lehrte. In 1847 he became Chief Superintendent of rolling stock on the Lower Silesian-Brandenhurg Railway, where his technical abilities influenced the Prussian Minister of Commerce to appoint him to a commission set up to investigate the reasons for the unusually high incidence of axle failures then being encountered on the railways. This was in 1852, and by 1854, when the Brandenburg line had been nationalized, Wöhler had already embarked on the long, systematic programme of mechanical testing which eventually provided him with a clear insight into the process of what is now referred to as "fatigue failure". He concentrated initially on the behaviour of machined iron and steel specimens subjected to fluctuating direct, bending and torsional stresses that were imposed by testing machines of his own design.

Although Wöhler was not the first investigator in this area, he was the first to recognize the state of "fatigue" induced in metals by the repeated application of cycles of stress at levels well below those that would cause immediate failure. His method of plotting the fatigue stress amplitude "S" against the number of stress cycles necessary to cause failure "N" yielded the well-known S-N curve which described very precisely the susceptibility to fatigue failure of the material concerned. Engineers were thus provided with an invaluable testing technique that is still widely used in the 1990s.

Between 1851 and 1898 Wöhler published forty-two papers in German technical journals, although the importance of his work was not initially fully appreciated in other countries. A display of some of his fracture fatigue specimens at the Paris Exposition in 1867, however, stimulated a short review of his work in Engineering in London. Four years later, in 1871, Engineering published a series of nine articles which described Wöhler's findings in considerable detail and brought them to the attention of engineers. Wöhler became a member of the newly created management board of the Imperial German Railways in 1874, an appointment that he retained until 1889. He is also remembered for his derivation in 1855 of a formula for calculating the deflections under load of lattice girders, plate girders, and other continuous beams resting on more than two supports. This "Three Moments" theorem appeared two years before Clapeyron independently advanced the same expression. Wöhler's other major contribution to bridge design was to use rollers at one end to allow for thermal expansion and contraction.

[br]

Bibliography

1855, "Theorie rechteckiger eiserner Brückenbalken", Zeitschrift für Bauwesen 5:122–66. 1870, "Über die Festigkeitversuche mit Eisen und Stahl", Zeitschrift für Bauwesen 20:73– 106.

Wöhler's experiments on the fatigue of metals were reported in Engineering (1867) 2:160; (1871) 11:199–200, 222, 243–4, 261, 299–300, 326–7, 349–50, 397, 439–41.

Further Reading

R.Blaum, 1918, "August Wöhler", Beiträge zur Geschichte der Technik und Industrie 8:35–55.

——1925, "August Wöhler", Deutsches biographisches Jahrbuch, Vol. I, Stuttgart, pp. 103–7.

K.Pearson, 1890, "On Wöhler's experiments on alternating stress", Messeng. Math.

20:21–37.

J.Gilchrist, 1900, "On Wöhler's Laws", Engineer 90:203–4.

ASD

Biographical history of technology > Wöhler, August
5 Radeln

umg.

I v/i cycle, bike; morgens zur Schule radeln go to school by bike ( oder bike it to school) in the mornings

II Radeln n; -s, kein Pl. cycling

* * *

to cycle (ugs.); to bike (ugs.)

* * *
ra|deln I ['raːdln]
vi aux sein (inf)
to cycle II ['rɛːdln]
vt
Schnittmuster to trace; (COOK) to cut out with a/the pastry wheel
* * *

1) ((usually abbreviated to cycle) to ride a bicycle: He bicycled slowly up the hill.) bicycle

2) (to go by bicycle: He cycles to work every day.) cycle

* * *

ra·deln

[ˈra:dl̩n]

vi Hilfsverb: sein (fam)

▪ [irgendwohin] \radeln to cycle [somewhere]

* * *

intransitives Verb; mit sein (ugs., bes. südd.) cycle

* * *

radeln umg

A. v/i cycle, bike;

morgens zur Schule radeln go to school by bike ( oder bike it to school) in the mornings

B. Radeln n; -s, kein pl cycling

* * *

intransitives Verb; mit sein (ugs., bes. südd.) cycle

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Radeln
6 radeln

umg.

I v/i cycle, bike; morgens zur Schule radeln go to school by bike ( oder bike it to school) in the mornings

II Radeln n; -s, kein Pl. cycling

* * *

to cycle (ugs.); to bike (ugs.)

* * *
ra|deln I ['raːdln]
vi aux sein (inf)
to cycle II ['rɛːdln]
vt
Schnittmuster to trace; (COOK) to cut out with a/the pastry wheel
* * *

1) ((usually abbreviated to cycle) to ride a bicycle: He bicycled slowly up the hill.) bicycle

2) (to go by bicycle: He cycles to work every day.) cycle

* * *

ra·deln

[ˈra:dl̩n]

vi Hilfsverb: sein (fam)

▪ [irgendwohin] \radeln to cycle [somewhere]

* * *

intransitives Verb; mit sein (ugs., bes. südd.) cycle

* * *

radeln umg

A. v/i cycle, bike;

morgens zur Schule radeln go to school by bike ( oder bike it to school) in the mornings

B. Radeln n; -s, kein pl cycling

* * *

intransitives Verb; mit sein (ugs., bes. südd.) cycle

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > radeln
7 CSO

1) Общая лексика: организация гражданского общества (Civil Society Organization), организация гражданского сектора (citizen sector organization), Chief Scientific Officer - научный руководитель компании, Central Statistics Office

2) Компьютерная техника: Computer Systems Operation

3) Авиация: cycle since overhaul, cycles since overhaul, Cycles Since the last Overhaul

4) Американизм: Contract Standing Order

5) Военный термин: Chief Signal Officer, Chief Signals Officer, Closely- Spaced Object, Communications Service Order, chief staff officer, chief supply officer, clothing supply office, command security officer, command signals officer, communications standing order, complex safety officer, cross-service order, КСДЛ, Комитет старших должностных лиц, Civil Support Operation

6) Техника: commanding signal officer, country safety officer

7) Сельское хозяйство: Cotton Seed Oil

8) Химия: Correct Solution Only

9) Религия: Christian Science Organization

10) Железнодорожный термин: Connecticut Southern Railroad

11) Экономика: ( customer service operations) операции обслуживания заказчиков, ООЗ

12) Музыка: Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra

13) Сокращение: Central Services Organization, Central Statistical Office, Chief Signal Officer (UK), Chief Staff Officer (Engineering; E), Chief Staff Officer, Reserves (UK Royal Navy), Command Signals Officer (UK Royal Air Force), Ceramic Small Outline package, Color Separation Overlay, credit spread option

14) Университет: Correct Solutions Only

15) Вычислительная техника: Central Services Organizations

16) Экология: combined sewer overflow

17) Образование: Community School Organization

18) Инвестиции: clearance and settlement organization

19) Сетевые технологии: Computing Services Office, компьютерный сервисный комплекс

20) Нефть и газ: опломбирован в открытом состоянии (Car Sealed Open)

21) МИД: Committee of Senior Officials

22) Общественная организация: Civil Society Organisation, Community Services of Oakland County, Michigan

23) Должность: Customer Support Officer, Руководитель отдела безопасности (CSO( англ. Chief Security Officer) — руководитель отдела безопасности, (главный) директор по безопасности организации. - http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSO)

24) НАСА: Computer Security Officer, Computer Security Officials

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > CSO
8 cso

1) Общая лексика: организация гражданского общества (Civil Society Organization), организация гражданского сектора (citizen sector organization), Chief Scientific Officer - научный руководитель компании, Central Statistics Office

2) Компьютерная техника: Computer Systems Operation

3) Авиация: cycle since overhaul, cycles since overhaul, Cycles Since the last Overhaul

4) Американизм: Contract Standing Order

5) Военный термин: Chief Signal Officer, Chief Signals Officer, Closely- Spaced Object, Communications Service Order, chief staff officer, chief supply officer, clothing supply office, command security officer, command signals officer, communications standing order, complex safety officer, cross-service order, КСДЛ, Комитет старших должностных лиц, Civil Support Operation

6) Техника: commanding signal officer, country safety officer

7) Сельское хозяйство: Cotton Seed Oil

8) Химия: Correct Solution Only

9) Религия: Christian Science Organization

10) Железнодорожный термин: Connecticut Southern Railroad

11) Экономика: ( customer service operations) операции обслуживания заказчиков, ООЗ

12) Музыка: Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra

13) Сокращение: Central Services Organization, Central Statistical Office, Chief Signal Officer (UK), Chief Staff Officer (Engineering; E), Chief Staff Officer, Reserves (UK Royal Navy), Command Signals Officer (UK Royal Air Force), Ceramic Small Outline package, Color Separation Overlay, credit spread option

14) Университет: Correct Solutions Only

15) Вычислительная техника: Central Services Organizations

16) Экология: combined sewer overflow

17) Образование: Community School Organization

18) Инвестиции: clearance and settlement organization

19) Сетевые технологии: Computing Services Office, компьютерный сервисный комплекс

20) Нефть и газ: опломбирован в открытом состоянии (Car Sealed Open)

21) МИД: Committee of Senior Officials

22) Общественная организация: Civil Society Organisation, Community Services of Oakland County, Michigan

23) Должность: Customer Support Officer, Руководитель отдела безопасности (CSO (англ. Chief Security Officer) — руководитель отдела безопасности, (главный) директор по безопасности организации. - http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSO)

24) НАСА: Computer Security Officer, Computer Security Officials

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > cso
9 cycle

I
1.
verb
(to go by bicycle: He cycles to work every day.) ir en bicicleta

2. noun
(shortened form of bicycle: They bought the child a cycle for his birthday.) bicicleta

- cyclist

II
noun
1) (a number of events happening one after the other in a certain order: the life-cycle of the butterfly.)

2) (a series of poems, songs etc written about one main event etc: a song cycle.) ciclo

3) ((of alternating current, radio waves etc) one complete series of changes in a regularly varying supply, signal etc.) ciclo

•

- cyclic
- cyclically

cycle¹ n bicicleta

he's got a new cycle tiene una bicicleta nueva

cycle² vb ir en bicicleta

he cycles everywhere va en bicicleta a todas partes

El gerundio de cycle se escribe cycling

cycle

tr['saɪkəl]

noun

1 (series of events, of songs etc) ciclo; (of washing machine) programa nombre masculino

2 (bicycle) bicicleta; (motorcycle) moto nombre femenino

intransitive verb

1 ir en bicicleta

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

cycle lane/path/way carril nombre masculino para bicicletas

cycle track velódromo

cycle ['saɪkəl] vi, - cled ; - cling : andar en bicicleta, ir en bicicleta

cycle n

1) : ciclo m

life cycle: ciclo de vida, ciclo vital

2) bicycle: bicicleta f

3) motorcycle: motocicleta f

cycle

n.

• bicicleta s.f.

• ciclo s.m.

• tiempo s.m.

v.

• montar en bicicleta v.

I 'saɪkəl
noun

1)

a) ( process) ciclo m

the life cycle — el ciclo de la vida

b) ( of washing machine) programa m

2) (Elec, Comput) ciclo m

3) ( bicycle) bicicleta f

II

intransitive verb \<\<person\>\> ir* en bicicleta

['saɪkl]
1. N

1) (=bicycle) bicicleta f

racing cycle — bicicleta f de carreras

2) [of seasons, poems etc] ciclo m

life cycle — ciclo m vital

menstrual cycle — ciclo m menstrual

a 10-second cycle — un ciclo de 10 segundos

2.

VI (=travel) ir en bicicleta

we cycled to the coast — fuimos en bicicleta a la costa

I cycle to school — voy al colegio en bicicleta

can you cycle? — ¿sabes montar en bicicleta?

3.

CPD

cycle clip N — pinza f para ir en bicicleta

cycle helmet N — casco m de bicicleta

cycle hire N — (=business) alquiler m de bicicletas; [of one bike] alquiler m de una bicicleta

cycle lane N — (Brit) carril m de bicicleta, carril m bici

cycle path N — carril m de bicicleta

cycle race N — carrera f ciclista

cycle rack N — soporte m para bicicletas; (on car roof) baca f para transportar bicicletas

cycle ride N — paseo m en bicicleta

to go for a cycle ride — ir a dar un paseo en bicicleta

cycle shed N — cobertizo m para bicicletas

cycle track N — (in countryside) ruta f para ciclistas, senda f para ciclistas; (Sport) pista f de ciclismo, velódromo m

* * *

I ['saɪkəl]
noun

1)

a) ( process) ciclo m

the life cycle — el ciclo de la vida

b) ( of washing machine) programa m

2) (Elec, Comput) ciclo m

3) ( bicycle) bicicleta f

II

intransitive verb \<\<person\>\> ir* en bicicleta

English-spanish dictionary > cycle
10 regular

'reɡjulə
1. adjective
1) (usual: Saturday is his regular day for shopping; That isn't our regular postman, is it?) habitual

2) ((American) normal: He's too handicapped to attend a regular school.) normal, común

3) (occurring, acting etc with equal amounts of space, time etc between: They placed guards at regular intervals round the camp; Is his pulse regular?) regular

4) (involving doing the same things at the same time each day etc: a man of regular habits.) regular

5) (frequent: He's a regular visitor; He's one of our regular customers.) habitual

6) (permanent; lasting: He's looking for a regular job.) permanente, fijo

7) ((of a noun, verb etc) following one of the usual grammatical patterns of the language: `Walk' is a regular verb, but `go' is an irregular verb.) regular

8) (the same on both or all sides or parts; neat; symmetrical: a girl with regular features; A square is a regular figure.) regular

9) (of ordinary size: I don't want the large size of packet - just give me the regular one.) de tamaño normal

10) ((of a soldier) employed full-time, professional; (of an army) composed of regular soldiers.) profesional

2. noun
1) (a soldier in the regular army.) soldado profesional

2) (a regular customer (eg at a bar).) habitual

•

- regularity
- regularly
- regulate
- regulation
- regulator

regular adj

1. regular

there are regular and irregular verbs hay verbos regulares e irregulares

2. habitual

he is a regular customer es un cliente habitual

regular 1 adjetivo 1 ( en general) regular 2
a) ( no muy bien):

◊ ¿qué tal te va? — regular how's it going? — so-so;
¿qué tal la película? — regular how was the movie? — nothing special
b) ( de tamaño) medium-sized, middling
■ sustantivo masculino ( calificación) fair
regular 2 ( conjugate regular) verbo transitivo 1
a) ‹espejo/asiento› to adjust

b) ‹caudal/temperatura/velocidad› to regulate, control
2 [ley/norma] to regulate
regular
I adjetivo
1 regular
un ejército regular, a regular army
2 (metódico, sin alteraciones) la marcha regular de los acontecimientos, the orderly progress of events
3 (habitual) regular
4 (mediano) average, regular (mediocre) average
II adverbio so-so
III verbo transitivo
1 (organizar, someter a normas) to regulate, control
2 (ajustar) to adjust ' regular' also found in these entries: Spanish: ahorcarse - asidua - asiduo - bribón - bribona - dosificar - habitual - milicia - once - parroquiana - parroquiano - periodicidad - roce - vuelo - café - cliente - controlar - fijo - gasolina - graduación - graduar - normal - ordinario English: adjust - average - control - lie - moderate - much - regular - regular army - regulate - scheduled flight - second-class - so-so - spot-check - steady - assure - casual - clock - even - flier - routine - scheduled - second - shuttle

regular

tr['regjʊlə^SMALLr/SMALL]

adjective

1 (gen) regular

■ the buses on this route are very regular los autobuses de esta línea son muy regulares

■ I submit regular reports to my boss a mi jefe le presento informes regularmente

■ regular attendance is essential la asistencia regular es imprescindible

2 (normal) normal, usual, de siempre

■ our regular milkman will be back next week el lechero de siempre volverá la semana que viene

3 (habitual) habitual, asiduo,-a

■ he's one of our regular customers es uno de nuestros clientes habituales

4 (normal in size) de tamaño normal

■ do you want regular or giant? ¿quiere tamaño normal o gigante?

5 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL (pleasant) simpático,-a; (honest) legal

noun

1 familiar cliente nombre masulino o femenino habitual

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

as regular as clockwork con una regularidad cronométrica

regular army ejército regular

regular soldier soldado profesional

regular ['rɛgjələr] adj

1) normal: regular, normal, usual

2) steady: uniforme, regular

a regular pace: un paso regular

3) customary, habitual: habitual, de costumbre

regular n

: cliente mf habitual

regular

adj.

• acompasado, -a adj.

• asiduo, -a adj.

• correcto, -a adj.

• efectivo, -a adj.

• formal adj.

• habitual adj.

• normal adj.

• reglamentario, -a adj.

• regular adj.

n.

• obrero permanente s.m.

• regular s.m.

I 'regjələr, 'regjʊlə(r)
adjective

1)

a) ( evenly spaced) < breathing> acompasado; <heartbeat/pulse> regular

at regular intervals — ( in time) con regularidad; ( in space) a intervalos regulares

b) (consistent, habitual) <customer/reader> habitual, asiduo

it's a regular occurrence — eso es muy frecuente or pasa con mucha frecuencia

to be in regular employment — tener* empleo fijo

a regular income — una fuente regular de ingresos

on a regular basis — con regularidad, regularmente

c) ( Med)

to be regular — ( in bowel habits) hacer* de vientre con regularidad; ( in menstrual cycles) ser* regular

d) ( customary) habitual

the regular procedure — el procedimiento usual or de costumbre

2) (even, symmetrical) < shape> regular; < teeth> regular, parejo (AmL)

he has regular features — es de rasgos (bien) proporcionados

3)

a) <size/model> normal

regular grade gasoline — (AmE) gasolina f or (Andes) bencina f or (RPl) nafta f normal

b) ( Ling) <verb/plural> regular

4) (colloq)

a) (as intensifier) verdadero

he's a regular comedian — es muy gracioso

b) ( straightforward) (AmE)

he's a regular guy — es un gran tipo (fam), es un tío majo (Esp fam)

5) ( Mil) <soldier/officer> de carrera

the regular army — el ejército profesional

II

noun

1) ( customer) cliente mf habitual, asiduo, -dua m,f

party regular — (AmE Pol) militante mf del partido

2) ( Mil) militar mf de carrera

['reɡjʊlǝ(r)]
1. ADJ

1) (=symmetrical) [shape, pattern] (also Math) regular

he has regular features — es de facciones regulares

2) (=even) [surface, teeth] uniforme, parejo (esp LAm)

3) (=recurring at even intervals) [pulse, flights, breathing, order] regular

• to take regular exercise — hacer ejercicio con regularidad

• at regular intervals — (in time) con regularidad; (in space) a intervalos regulares

the doctor examined the baby at regular intervals — el médico examinaba al bebé con regularidad

the signs were placed at regular intervals along the beach — las señales estaban situadas a intervalos regulares a lo largo de la playa

• it's important to eat regular meals — es importante comer con regularidad

• he placed a regular order with us — nos hizo un pedido regular

• to make regular use of sth — usar algo con regularidad

to be in regular use — utilizarse de manera regular

- as regular as clockwork

4) (=habitual, customary) [visitor, customer, reader, listener] habitual, asiduo; [doctor, partner] habitual; [action, procedure] acostumbrado, normal

they are regular churchgoers — van a misa con regularidad or con asiduidad

our regular waiter — el camarero que nos sirve normalmente

it's past his regular bedtime — ya ha pasado su hora normal de acostarse

• on a regular basis — con regularidad

• to be in regular employment — tener un trabajo fijo

• the regular staff — el personal habitual

• to have a regular time for doing sth — tener hora fija para hacer algo, hacer algo siempre a la misma hora

5) (=unvarying)

• a man of regular habits — un hombre metódico, un hombre ordenado (en sus costumbres)

• to keep regular hours — llevar una vida ordenada

6) (=frequent) frecuente

I have to make regular trips to France — tengo que viajar a Francia con frecuencia, tengo que hacer viajes frecuentes a Francia

• to be in or to have regular contact with sb — mantener or tener un contacto frecuente con algn

• it's a regular occurrence — pasa con frecuencia, es algo frecuente

7) (Mil) [soldier, army] profesional, de carrera

8) (Ling) [verb etc] regular

9) * (as intensifier)

• a regular bore — un auténtico pesado

• a regular feast — un verdadero banquete

• he's a regular fool — es un verdadero idiota

• a regular nuisance — un auténtico pesado

10) (US) (=ordinary, normal) normal

I'm just a regular guy — no soy más que un tío normal (y corriente)

• regular fries — porción f mediana de patatas fritas

• regular gasoline — gasolina f normal

• regular size — tamaño m normal

11) * (=not constipated)

to be regular — hacer de vientre con regularidad

12) * (in menstruation)

I'm quite regular — mi periodo es bastante regular

2. N

1) (=customer) (in pub, bar) cliente mf habitual, parroquiano(-a) m / f

one of the regulars at the club — un asiduo del club

he's a regular on the programme — es un invitado habitual del programa

2) (Mil) militar mf de carrera

3) (US) (=petrol) gasolina f normal

* * *

I ['regjələr, 'regjʊlə(r)]
adjective

1)

a) ( evenly spaced) < breathing> acompasado; <heartbeat/pulse> regular

at regular intervals — ( in time) con regularidad; ( in space) a intervalos regulares

b) (consistent, habitual) <customer/reader> habitual, asiduo

it's a regular occurrence — eso es muy frecuente or pasa con mucha frecuencia

to be in regular employment — tener* empleo fijo

a regular income — una fuente regular de ingresos

on a regular basis — con regularidad, regularmente

c) ( Med)

to be regular — ( in bowel habits) hacer* de vientre con regularidad; ( in menstrual cycles) ser* regular

d) ( customary) habitual

the regular procedure — el procedimiento usual or de costumbre

2) (even, symmetrical) < shape> regular; < teeth> regular, parejo (AmL)

he has regular features — es de rasgos (bien) proporcionados

3)

a) <size/model> normal

regular grade gasoline — (AmE) gasolina f or (Andes) bencina f or (RPl) nafta f normal

b) ( Ling) <verb/plural> regular

4) (colloq)

a) (as intensifier) verdadero

he's a regular comedian — es muy gracioso

b) ( straightforward) (AmE)

he's a regular guy — es un gran tipo (fam), es un tío majo (Esp fam)

5) ( Mil) <soldier/officer> de carrera

the regular army — el ejército profesional

II

noun

1) ( customer) cliente mf habitual, asiduo, -dua m,f

party regular — (AmE Pol) militante mf del partido

2) ( Mil) militar mf de carrera

English-spanish dictionary > regular
11 eso

intj.

that's it.

pron.

1 that (neutro).

eso es la Torre Eiffel that's the Eiffel Tower

eso es lo que yo pienso that's just what I think

eso que propones es irrealizable what you're proposing is impossible

eso de vivir solo no me gusta I don't like the idea of living on my own

¡eso, eso! that's right!, yes!

¡eso es! that's it

¿cómo es eso?, ¿y eso? how come? (¿por qué?)

para eso es mejor no ir if that's all it is, you might as well not go

por eso vine that's why I came

a eso de (at) about o around

a eso del mediodía round about midday

en eso just then, at that very moment

y eso que even though

2 it.

* * *

ESO

► abreviatura

1 EDUCACIÓN ( Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria) compulsory secondary education up to 16

* * *

pron.

that

* * *

SF ABR Esp
= Enseñanza Secundaria obligatoria compulsory secondary education for 12 to 16 year-olds ESO As a consequence of the 1990 education reform law, LOGSE, secondary education in Spain is now divided into two stages. The first stage, ESO, or Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, is for 12- to 16-year-olds. It is free and compulsory and includes both vocational and academic subjects. Students are awarded the Título de Graduado en Educación Secundaria on successful completion at age 16 and can leave school at this point. If they choose to continue their education they go on to the second stage, which consists of either the academically orientated Bachillerato or the vocational Formación Profesional Específica.
See:

ver nota culturelle LOGSE

* * *

femenino ( en Esp) = Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

* * *

= that sort of thing

Ex. There will always be differences between the races and the genders and all that sort of thing.

* * *

femenino ( en Esp) = Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

* * *

= that sort of thing

Ex: There will always be differences between the races and the genders and all that sort of thing.

* * *

ESO

feminine

ESO - Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (↑ ESO a1)

(en Esp) = Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

* * *

Multiple Entries:
ESO
eso
eso pron dem
a) ( neutro) that;

◊ no digas eso don't say that;

eso que te contaron what they told you
b) ( en locs)

◊ a eso de (at) around o about;

en eso: en eso llegó su madre (just) at that moment her mother arrived;
¡eso es! that's it!;
y eso que … even though …;
por eso that's why
c)

◊ ¡eso! ( interj) exactly!

eso pron dem neut that: eso de los fantasmas es una tontería, this whole thing about ghosts is nonsense
¡eso es!, that's it!
no me dio ni eso, she didn't give me even that
por eso nos vamos, that's why we are leaving
♦ Locuciones: a eso de, around: a eso de la medianoche, around midnight
' ESO' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
advertir
- alcance
- amargarse
- aparte
- así
- bajeza
- bastarse
- broma
- caer
- calumnia
- característica
- característico
- chistar
- chupada
- chupado
- colmo
- cómo
- con
- conducir
- cosa
- cuento
- dar
- deberse
- derecha
- derecho
- diferenciar
- discutible
- doler
- educación
- empezar
- entrar
- ser
- escribirse
- eso
- excusa
- falsa
- falso
- faltar
- ir
- hacer
- harina
- importar
- interesar
- jorobar
- llevar
- luego
- malpensada
- malpensado
- marcha
- menos
English:
about
- absolutely
- affair
- all
- anything
- ball
- ball game
- care
- careful
- common
- debate
- defy
- deliberately
- design
- dig
- do
- done
- dwell on
- enough
- failing
- feel
- fit
- fortunate
- go for
- grab
- harp on
- head
- here
- however
- it
- joke
- just
- kick up
- labour
- like
- mean
- most
- move
- mud
- nasty
- need
- no
- none
- nowhere
- objection
- occasion
- ocean
- of
- offence
- ominously

* * *

ESO ['eso] nf (abrev de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria)

= mainstream secondary education in Spain for pupils aged 12-16

ESO

Mandatory secondary education or ESO (“Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria”) in Spain lasts four years, from the age of twelve to sixteen. This is divided into two two-year cycles. At the end of the second cycle (equivalent to junior year in high school), students can either go on to two years of further study if they want to go to college, or take vocational and technical courses.

* * *

ESO

f abr Esp

(= educación secundaria obligatoria) compulsory secondary education

* * *

eso pron, (neuter)

1) : that

eso no me gusta: I don't like that

2)

¡eso es! : that's it!, that's right!

3)

a eso de : around

a eso de las tres: around three o'clock

4)

en eso : at that point, just then

* * *

ESO n secondary education

Spanish-English dictionary > eso
12 Sopwith, Sir Thomas (Tommy) Octave Murdoch

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

[br]

b. 18 January 1888 London, England

d. 27 January 1989 Stockbridge, Hampshire, England

[br]

English aeronautical engineer and industrialist.

[br]

Son of a successful mining engineer, Sopwith did not shine at school and, having been turned down by the Royal Navy as a result, attended an engineering college. His first interest was motor cars and, while still in his teens, he set up a business in London with a friend in order to sell them; he also took part in races and rallies.

Sopwith's interest in aviation came initially through ballooning, and in 1906 he purchased his own balloon. Four years later, inspired by the recent flights across the Channel to France and after a joy-ride at Brooklands, he bought an Avis monoplane, followed by a larger biplane, and taught himself to fly. He was awarded the Royal Aero Society's Aviator Certificate No. 31 on 21 November 1910, and he quickly distinguished himself in flying competitions on both sides of the Atlantic and started his own flying school. In his races he was ably supported by his friend Fred Sigrist, a former motor engineer. Among the people Sopwith taught to fly were an Australian, Harry Hawker, and Major Hugh Trenchard, who later became the "father" of the RAF.

In 1912, depressed by the poor quality of the aircraft on trial for the British Army, Sopwith, in conjunction with Hawker and Sigrist, bought a skating rink in Kingston-upon-Thames and, assisted by Fred Sigrist, started to design and build his first aircraft, the Sopwith Hybrid. He sold this to the Royal Navy in 1913, and the following year his aviation manufacturing company became the Sopwith Aviation Company Ltd. That year a seaplane version of his Sopwith Tabloid won the Schneider Trophy in the second running of this speed competition. During 1914–18, Sopwith concentrated on producing fighters (or "scouts" as they were then called), with the Pup, the Camel, the 1½ Strutter, the Snipe and the Sopwith Triplane proving among the best in the war. He also pioneered several ideas to make flying easier for the pilot, and in 1915 he patented his adjustable tailplane and his 1 ½ Strutter was the first aircraft to be fitted with air brakes. During the four years of the First World War, Sopwith Aviation designed thirty-two different aircraft types and produced over 16,000 aircraft.

The end of the First World War brought recession to the aircraft industry and in 1920 Sopwith, like many others, put his company into receivership; none the less, he immediately launched a new, smaller company with Hawker, Sigrist and V.W.Eyre, which they called the H.G. Hawker Engineering Company Ltd to avoid any confusion with the former company. He began by producing cars and motor cycles under licence, but was determined to resume aircraft production. He suffered an early blow with the death of Hawker in an air crash in 1921, but soon began supplying aircraft to the Royal Air Force again. In this he was much helped by taking on a new designer, Sydney Camm, in 1923, and during the next decade they produced a number of military aircraft types, of which the Hart light bomber and the Fury fighter, the first to exceed 200 mph (322 km/h), were the best known. In the mid-1930s Sopwith began to build a large aviation empire, acquiring first the Gloster Aircraft Company and then, in quick succession, Armstrong-Whitworth, Armstrong-Siddeley Motors Ltd and its aero-engine counterpart, and A.V.Roe, which produced Avro aircraft. Under the umbrella of the Hawker Siddeley Aircraft Company (set up in 1935) these companies produced a series of outstanding aircraft, ranging from the Hawker Hurricane, through the Avro Lancaster to the Gloster Meteor, Britain's first in-service jet aircraft, and the Hawker Typhoon, Tempest and Hunter. When Sopwith retired as Chairman of the Hawker Siddeley Group in 1963 at the age of 75, a prototype jump-jet (the P-1127) was being tested, later to become the Harrier, a for cry from the fragile biplanes of 1910.

Sopwith also had a passion for yachting and came close to wresting the America's Cup from the USA in 1934 when sailing his yacht Endeavour, which incorporated a number of features years ahead of their time; his greatest regret was that he failed in his attempts to win this famous yachting trophy for Britain. After his retirement as Chairman of the Hawker Siddeley Group, he remained on the Board until 1978. The British aviation industry had been nationalized in April 1977, and Hawker Siddeley's aircraft interests merged with the British Aircraft Corporation to become British Aerospace (BAe). Nevertheless, by then the Group had built up a wide range of companies in the field of mechanical and electrical engineering, and its board conferred on Sopwith the title Founder and Life President.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Knighted 1953. CBE 1918.

Bibliography

1961, "My first ten years in aviation", Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (April) (a very informative and amusing paper).

Further Reading

A.Bramson, 1990, Pure Luck: The Authorized Biography of Sir Thomas Sopwith, 1888– 1989, Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens.

B.Robertson, 1970, Sopwith. The Man and His Aircraft, London (a detailed publication giving plans of all the Sopwith aircraft).

CM / JDS

Biographical history of technology > Sopwith, Sir Thomas (Tommy) Octave Murdoch
13 CSN

1) Авиация: количество рабочих циклов с даты выпуска (cycles since new), catalog sequence number, chapter sequence number

2) Американизм: Confederate States Navy

3) Военный термин: contract serial number, contract surgeon, control system number

4) Техника: Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear, circuit-switched network

5) Религия: Calvary Satellite Network

6) Металлургия: Crucible Swelling Number (determination of caking property; FSI)

7) Сокращение: Computer Says No

8) Вычислительная техника: Card Select Number (PNP)

9) Связь: Compact Subscriber Node

10) Сетевые технологии: Cougar School Network

11) Сахалин Р: Control System Network

12) Обогащение: индекс вспучивания в тигле, crucible swelling index number, число вспучивания

13) Расширение файла: Card-Select Number

14) Электротехника: circuit switching network

15) Аэропорты: Carson City, Nevada USA

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > CSN
14 alternate

1. 'o:ltəneit verb
(to use, do etc by turns, repeatedly, one after the other: John alternates between teaching and studying; He tried to alternate red and yellow tulips along the path as he planted them.) alternar

2. o:l'tə:nət adjective
1) (coming, happening etc in turns, one after the other: The water came in alternate bursts of hot and cold.) alterno, alternado

2) (every second (day, week etc): My friend and I take the children to school on alternate days.) (un día) sí y (un día) no, alterno

•

- alternately
- alternation

alternate¹ adj alterno

he works alternate weekends trabaja fines de semana alternos / trabaja un fin de semana sí y otro no

alternate² vb alternar / alternarse

Farmer Giles alternates his crops el Sr. Giles, el granjero, alterna los cultivos

El gerundio de alternate se escribe alternating

alternate

tr[ (adj) ɔːl'tɜːnət; (vb) 'ɔːltɜːneɪt]

adjective

1 alterno,-a

■ I go jogging on alternate days hago footing un día sí y un día no

transitive verb

1 alternar

intransitive verb

1 alternarse

alternate ['ɔltər.neɪt] v, - nated ; - nating : alternar

alternate ['ɔltərnət] adj

1) : alterno

alternate cycles of inflation and depression: ciclos alternos de inflación y depresión

2) : uno sí y uno no

he cooks on alternate days: cocina un día sí y otro no

alternate ['ɔltərnət] n

: suplente mf; sustituto m, -ta f

alternate

adj.

• alterno, -a adj.

n.

• alternativa s.f.

• suplente s.m.,f.

• sustituto s.m.

v.

• alternar v.

• turnar v.

I 'ɔːltərnət, ɔːl'tɜːnət
adjective (before n)

a) ( every second)

she works alternate Tuesdays — trabaja un martes sí y otro no

write on alternate lines — escriba dejando un renglón por medio

b) ( happening by turns) alterno

c) (AmE) alternative I a)

II
1. 'ɔːltərneɪt, 'ɔːltəneɪt
transitive verb alternar

2.

vi alternar

he alternated between hope and despair — oscilaba entre la esperanza y la desesperación

III 'ɔːltərnət, ɔːl'tɜːnət
noun (AmE) suplente mf

1. ADJ
[ɒl'tɜːnɪt]
1) (=alternating) alterno

alternate layers of cheese and potatoes — capas alternas de queso y patatas

we had a week of alternate rain and sunshine — tuvimos una semana en la que se alternaron el sol y las lluvias

let's read alternate lines — vamos a leer cada uno un renglón

2) (=every second)

on alternate days — cada dos días, un día sí y otro no

he lives alternate months in Brussels and London — vive un mes en Bruselas y uno en Londres

to write on alternate lines — escribir en renglones alternos

3) (Bot, Math) alterno

4) (US) = alternative 1.

2.

N [ɒl'tɜːnɪt]
(US) (Sport) (at conference) suplente mf
3.

VI ['ɒltɜːneɪt]
alternar
an annual cycle of drought alternating with floods — un ciclo anual de sequías alternando con inundaciones

the temperatures alternate between very hot and extremely cold — las temperaturas oscilan entre un calor y un frío intensos

he alternates between euphoria and depression — pasa de la euforia a la depresión y vice versa

they alternate between avoiding us and ignoring us — unas veces nos evitan y otras nos ignoran

4.

VT ['ɒltɜːneɪt]
alternar
* * *

I ['ɔːltərnət, ɔːl'tɜːnət]
adjective (before n)

a) ( every second)

she works alternate Tuesdays — trabaja un martes sí y otro no

write on alternate lines — escriba dejando un renglón por medio

b) ( happening by turns) alterno

c) (AmE) alternative I a)

II
1. ['ɔːltərneɪt, 'ɔːltəneɪt]
transitive verb alternar

2.

vi alternar

he alternated between hope and despair — oscilaba entre la esperanza y la desesperación

III ['ɔːltərnət, ɔːl'tɜːnət]
noun (AmE) suplente mf

English-spanish dictionary > alternate
15 almanak

n. almanac, yearly publication (includes a calendar, lunar cycles, farmer's advice, etc.); publication containing statistical information; yearbook, book published for remembering a past year's events (e.g. in a school)

Holandés-inglés dicionario > almanak
16 Alexanderson, Ernst Frederik Werner

SUBJECT AREA: Broadcasting, Electricity, Electronics and information technology, Telecommunications

[br]

b. 25 January 1878 Uppsala, Sweden

d. ? May 1975 Schenectady, New York, USA

[br]

Swedish-American electrical engineer and prolific radio and television inventor responsible for developing a high-frequency alternator for generating radio waves.

[br]

After education in Sweden at the High School and University of Lund and the Royal Institution of Technology in Stockholm, Alexanderson took a postgraduate course at the Berlin-Charlottenburg Engineering College. In 1901 he began work for the Swedish C \& C Electric Company, joining the General Electric Company, Schenectady, New York, the following year. There, in 1906, together with Fessenden, he developed a series of high-power, high-frequency alternators, which had a dramatic effect on radio communications and resulted in the first real radio broadcast. His early interest in television led to working demonstrations in his own home in 1925 and at the General Electric laboratories in 1927, and to the first public demonstration of large-screen (7 ft (2.13 m) diagonal) projection TV in 1930. Another invention of significance was the "amplidyne", a sensitive manufacturing-control system subsequently used during the Second World War for controlling anti-aircraft guns. He also contributed to developments in electric propulsion and radio aerials.

He retired from General Electric in 1948, but continued television research as a consultant for the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), filing his 321st patent in 1955.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Institution of Radio Engineers Medal of Honour 1919. President, IERE 1921. Edison Medal 1944.

Bibliography

Publications relating to his work in the early days of radio include: "Magnetic properties of iron at frequencies up to 200,000 cycles", Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (1911) 30: 2,443.

"Transatlantic radio communication", Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical

Engineers (1919) 38:1,269.

The amplidyne is described in E.Alexanderson, M.Edwards and K.Boura, 1940, "Dynamo-electric amplifier for power control", Transactions of the American

Institution of Electrical Engineers 59:937.

Further Reading

E.Hawkes, 1927, Pioneers of Wireless, Methuen (provides an account of Alexanderson's work on radio).

J.H.Udelson, 1982, The Great Television Race: A History of the American Television Industry 1925–1941, University of Alabama Press (provides further details of his contribution to the development of television).

KF

Biographical history of technology > Alexanderson, Ernst Frederik Werner
17 Morris, William Richard, Viscount Nuffield

SUBJECT AREA: Automotive engineering, Land transport

[br]

b. 10 October 1877 Worcester, England

d. 22 August 1963 Nuffield Place, England

[br]

English industrialist, car manufacturer and philanthropist.

[br]

Morris was the son of Frederick Morris, then a draper. He was the eldest of a family of seven, all of whom, except for one sister, died in childhood. When he was 3 years old, his father moved to Cowley, near Oxford, where he attended the village school. After a short time with a local bicycle firm he set up on his own at the age of 16 with a capital of £4. He manufactured pedal cycles and by 1902 he had designed a motor cycle and was doing car-repair work. By 1912, at the Motor Show, he was able to announce his first car, the 8.9 hp, two-seater Morris Oxford with its characteristic "bull-nose". It could perform at up to 50 mph (80 km/h) and 50 mpg (5.65 1/100 km). It cost £165.

Though untrained, Morris was a born engineer as well as a natural judge of character. This enabled him to build up a reliable team of assistants in his growing business, with an order for four hundred cars at the Motor Show in 1912. Much of his business was built up in the assembly of components manufactured by outside suppliers. In he moved out of his initial premises by New College in Longwall and bought land at Cowley, where he brought out his second model, the 11.9hp Morris Oxford. This was after the First World War, during which car production was reduced to allow the manufacture of tanks and munitions. He was awarded the OBE in 1917 for his war work. Morris Motors Ltd was incorporated in 1919, and within fifteen months sales of cars had reached over 3,000 a year. By 1923 he was producing 20,000 cars a year, and in 1926 50,000, equivalent to about one-third of Britain's output. With the slump, a substantial overdraft, and a large stock of unsold cars, Morris took the bold decision to cut the prices of cars in stock, which then sold out within three weeks. Other makers followed suit, but Morris was ahead of them.

Morris was part-founder of the Pressed Steel Company, set up to produce car bodies at Cowley. A clever operation with the shareholding of the Morris Motors Company allowed Morris a substantial overall profit to provide expansion capital. By 1931 his "empire" comprised, in addition to Morris Motors, the MG Car Company, the Wolseley Company, the SU Carburettor Company and Morris Commercial Cars. In 1936, the value of Morris's financial interest in the business was put at some £16 million.

William Morris was a frugal man and uncomplicated, having little use for all the money he made except to channel it to charitable purposes. It is said that in all he gave away some £30 million during his lifetime, much of it invested by the recipients to provide long-term benefits. He married Elizabeth Anstey in 1904 and lived for thirty years at Nuffield Place. He lived modestly, and even after retirement, when Honorary President of the British Motor Corporation, the result of a merger between Morris Motors and the Austin Motor Company, he drove himself to work in a modest 10 hp Wolseley. His generosity benefited many hospitals in London, Oxford, Birmingham and elsewhere. Oxford Colleges were another class of beneficiary from his largesse.

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Principal Honours and Distinctions

Viscount 1938; Baron (Lord Nuffield) 1934; Baronet 1929; OBE 1917; GBE 1941; CH 1958. FRS 1939. He was a doctor of seven universities and an honorary freeman of seven towns.

Further Reading

R.Jackson, 1964, The Nuffield Story.

P.W.S.Andrews and E.Brunner, The Life of Lord Nuffield.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Morris, William Richard, Viscount Nuffield

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he cycles to school

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